Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City - First City of 5,300 Years of Chinese Civilization

This 5,300-year-old city was first discovered by Mr. Shi Xingeng in 1936, and then became known to the world after many years of archaeological excavations, and now is a key artifacts protection site in China. As a prehistoric large-scale settlement site in East Asia with significant representation in the history of the development of human civilization, Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City represents the highest achievement of rice agriculture in the origin stage of Chinese civilization, and as a representative of Liangzhu culture, it has a wide and far-reaching impact on the development of Chinese civilization in the next five thousand years.

The Peripheral Water Conservancy System with complex functions and socially graded cemeteries (including an altar), and the excavated objects represented by series of jade artifacts symbolizing the belief system illustrates the transition from small-scale Neolithic societies to a large integrated political unit with hierarchy, rituals and crafts, which authentically and credibly demonstrate the degree of development of the rice-cultivating civilization in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the Neolithic period and provide a panorama of Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City as an early regional urban civilization.

Jade Cong (玉琮) is a masterpiece of Liangzhu jade culture. The carving skills and materials of Jade Cong fully reflect the wisdom of the Liangzhu people and have a profound impact on the development of Chinese jade culture in the future.

Jade Yue (玉钺) is a symbol of Liangzhu's military power. Jade Yue, together with Jade Cong and Jade Bi (玉璧), forms the core of the jade system, and is a symbol of status for the privileged class.

God with Animal's Face (神人兽面纹) is the main ornament on the jade of Liangzhu, which is widely engraved on various jade, and the complete image is composed of two parts, the facial features of the god and the animal, and the single image is only about 3 cm high and about 4 cm wide, which has high technical requirements

Attractions in Liangzhu Ancient City Site

Liangzhu Ancient City Site, which is more than 2.9 million square meters, is the core site of Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City with the most densely distributed, richest variety, highest grade, largest scale, and most complex structure in Liangzhu culture.

Mojiaoshan (莫角山) Palace

Mojiaoshan is a must-visit destination in Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City. As the central area of Liangzhu Ancient City Site, Mojiaoshan Terrace is the location of the palace area of Liangzhu Ancient City. Liangzhu Palace Area is located in the central high platform area, and the elaborate design highlights its unique status.

There are three separate earthen platforms built on the central high platform, namely Large-scale Mojiaoshan, Small-scale Mojiaoshan and Mount Turtle, and between the three earthen platforms, there is a 70,000-square-meter Sand Square.

Large-scale Mojiaoshan

Located in the core area of Liangzhu Ancient City Site, Large-scale Mojiaoshan is a palace area containing a ceremonial square and several large building foundations. It is the largest of the three earthen platforms in the Mojiaoshan Terrace, with the highest point reaching 16.5 meters, far exceeding the wall height of the city wall. Standing on the platform of Large-scale Mojiaoshan, the mountains around Liangzhu Ancient City Site are clearly visible.

Small-scale Mojiaoshan

Small-scale Mojiaoshan is the smallest earthen platform on the Mojiaoshan Terrace, about 90 meters long, 40 meters wide and 6 meters high, where a model of the building column is restored according to the arrangement of pillar holes.

Fanshan is an artificially built rectangular earthen platform, about 6 meters high and covering an area of about 10,000 square meters. It is just separated from the Mojiaoshan Palace on the west side by only one river. Fanshan Mausoleum is the highest-level cemetery in Liangzhu Ancient City Site.

Tomb No. 12

So far, a total of 11 tombs have been excavated from the Fanshan Mausoleum, and more than 1,200 exquisite funerary objects such as jade, stone, pottery, ivory, lacquerware, etc. have been unearthed, of which more than 90% are precious jade. Tomb No. 12 in the center of the cemetery is the highest level tomb in Fanshan Mausoleum, with 658 funerary objects, including 647 pieces of jade, and the national treasures King Jade Cong and King Jade Yue symbolizing the supreme theocracy and kingship were unearthed here, proving the honored status and supreme power of the tomb owner.

The Fanshan Exhibition Hall

The Fanshan Exhibition Hall in Liangzhu Ancient City Site displays various excavated artifacts, which can provide a deeper view of the excavation process of the site. As a civilization linked by theocracy, the Liangzhu Civilization is more similar to the Egyptian Civilization. The Fanshan Exhibition Hall has opened a special area to introduce God with Animal's Face, which is used as a symbol of power and faith, reflecting the supremacy of theocracy and the close combination of theocracy and kingship in the Liangzhu period.

East Gate→ East City Wall→ Zhishan Observation Deck→ Mojiaoshan Palace→ Fanshan Mausoleum→ West City Wall → West Gate

Deer Park Sightseeing Route

East Gate→ Zhongjiagang→ Daguanshan Service Area→ Deer Park→ Chizhong Temple (池中寺) Granary→ West Gate

Cycling Sightseeing Route

East Gate→ East City Wall→ Zhishan Observation Deck→ Fanshan Mausoleum→ Chizhong Temple Granary→ Land Gate→ Zhongjiagang

Tips: Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City covers an area of about 3 million square meters, and you need to spend about half a day experiencing the 5,300-year-old civilization. If you want to learn more about Liangzhu's culture and history, you can also visit the nearby Liangzhu Museum, which is only 5 kilometers from Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City.

Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City is located 200 meters north of the intersection of Fengdu Road and National Highway 104, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. (浙江省杭州市余杭区凤都路与104国道交叉口北200米)

Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City is located in the northwest of Hangzhou, only 30 kilometers from downtown Hangzhou (about 40-60 minutes by car) and about 60 kilometers away from Hangzhou Xiaoshan (萧山) Airport (about 60-90 minutes by car). Visitors can also choose to take a taxi, private vehicle, or city bus to arrive at Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City.

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